As I said previously, whether you think its size is an argument in favor of or against it being an artificial structure is up to you. But being knowledgeable about its size is better than not considering it in a discussion.
Therefore, if Fischer, with a known diameter of 30km, is used as a calibration dimension to make a rough calculation, the field of view (width of the image) has to be approximately 160km (450 pixels). This would make the dimensions of the tower anomaly a huge structure. There again, this could be possible as astronauts and other planetary researchers have made suggestions that there are some very tall objects to be seen rising from the lunar surface.
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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed; Second, it is violently opposed; Third, it is accepted as being self-evident."
OBrien said that one side of the base of the anomaly would be equivalent to four Empire State buildings placed end-to-end. I am wondering how this calculation was made as no information is provided relating the scaled width of the image in relation to how wide the image is in pixels (450).
Please note that the image presented at the beginning of this thread is 900 pixels wide.
This is one of the major problems with many of the images. How to determine a scale to work by in order to produce more accurate results of a visual analysis.
This is the reference information provided with the image.
Lens Focal length 3 inch Camera tilt VERT Camera altitude 106 km Sun elevation 5 degrees Film type 3400 Film width 5 inch Image width 4.5 inch
Is there enough information given here to determine the actual width per pixel knowing that the original low resolution image shown in this thread is 450 pixels wide?
Yes there is enough information to derive the scale factor. It is a simple calculation.
However, there is a method which does not rely on knowing how to do that calculation.
The crater on the right side of each image is Fischer Crater. (In the right image Fischer is seen to have an additional internal crater.) It is 30 km in diameter. The measurements of the "tower" were scaled from that information.
The calculation from the image parameters confirms this.
We dont have pixels, so how can we count them? You need clear uncompressed data. We just do not have that ever(almost), and even if we did, I believe that it would be too much trouble in rover images where things are larger/closer.
The example picture of the alledged little people in the dirt in the thread I posted ("This is what it SHOULD look like") showed un-compressed pixels so fine that you would spend ages enlarging the picture and measuring the pixels. I suppose it could be done though.
gbull, The question of scaling is a very important feature when trying to determine the dimensions of a particular object, anomaly or artifact.
If the measurement per pixel is not known, an object without a scale to go by that appears to be 1 meter long could well be 50 cm long or even 100 meter long. We just do not know.
Unfortunately, we are researching 'in the dark' until a scale is formulated for a given image that will also provide a rough benchmark for calculating the dimensions of objects in that particular image and the images contained within the same series of images if the same parameters apply.
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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed; Second, it is violently opposed; Third, it is accepted as being self-evident."
Timewarp wrote: Is there enough information given here to determine the actual width per pixel knowing that the original low resolution image shown in this thread is 450 pixels wide?
Good question Timewarp, either we need to know how many pixels are in one meter or the camera angle to be able to calculate the distance base on camera altitude and the camera angle to the center of the image, then we have the possibility to understand the real dimensions.
OBrien said that one side of the base of the anomaly would be equivalent to four Empire State buildings placed end-to-end. I am wondering how this calculation was made as no information is provided relating the scaled width of the image in relation to how wide the image is in pixels (450).
Please note that the image presented at the beginning of this thread is 900 pixels wide.
This is one of the major problems with many of the images. How to determine a scale to work by in order to produce more accurate results of a visual analysis.
This is the reference information provided with the image.
Lens Focal length 3 inch Camera tilt VERT Camera altitude 106 km Sun elevation 5 degrees Film type 3400 Film width 5 inch Image width 4.5 inch
Is there enough information given here to determine the actual width per pixel knowing that the original low resolution image shown in this thread is 450 pixels wide?
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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed; Second, it is violently opposed; Third, it is accepted as being self-evident."
Ok, so now I know what the PP is. Thanks for your explanation. I assume the h1,h2,h3 images have a specified size on the ground.
What I was trying to do, was to find other pictures of the same area.
I went to the map (that I gave a link to above) and looked for the Lat/Long to try and find one. Normally East is to the right when looking at a map on Earth, but in case I was wrong, I got both links pointed to by the map.
So I guess I just have to search for pictures with a nearby Principal Point and then visually recognise the crater from surrounding features, do I? Of course, if I know the craters name, I can do a search on that or a nearby one too.
I'm not here to defined how the latitude and logitude is used and why this system is so reliable as it is. Hawe NASA ever come up with some facts which have stood the test of time. NASA will do anything possible to confuse people.
Just as a matter of interest - is there a direct 1:2 relationship between sun angle and number of diameters of the sun above the horizon?
Of course. The angular diameter of the sun (at Earth/Moon distance) is about 1/2 degree. Therefore 1 degree = 2 sun diameters, 2 degrees = 4 sun diameters, etc., x degrees = 2x sun diameters.
qmantoo wrote:I am taking the Principal Point which as I undrstand it is the point immediately under the satellite perpedicular to the surface.
No, that's incorrect. The principal point has a specific technical definition that is more complex than is appropriate here, but is essentially the latitude and logitude of the point at the center of the image.
qmantoo wrote:the details here of Latitude / Longitude: 9.1° N / 145.3° E
do not agree with the details here (dont know which of these I should be looking at...according to the map) http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?5085 Principal Point: Latitude: 38.73° Longitude: 158.84°
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?5030 Principal Point: Latitude: -25.79° Longitude: -139.29°
Can anyone make head or tail of it please?
Each of the iunar orbiter images looks at an enormous range of latitudes and longitudes. The principal points you quote are only valid for the location at the center of the image. If you're looking at other areas, the latitude and longitude can be vastly different.
For instance, in image 5030, the crescent of the moon visible goes almost from the North Pole to the South Pole. Any individual place you look might have a latitude from 80 deg N to 80 deg S, but doesn't change the parameters of the image.
Is Fischer supposed to be visible in each of those images?
However, having examined that picture, I would say that there are a lot of other things in it, underneath a load of very fine speckles which seems to overlay the whole thing - particularly the blacked out portions. I dont think we can really say "there is no shadow" because there are too many shadows in this picture both natural ones and un-natural ones. I think this picture is a lost cause and we probably wont find much in it that we can clearly identify.
Just as a matter of interest - is there a direct 1:2 relationship between sun angle and number of diameters of the sun above the horizon? At 5 degrees the sun is 10 sun diameters above the horizon
The other thing I was going to ask, if anyone knows the answer please? The Latitude and Longitude are different for The Lunar orbiter pictures and the Apollo pictures. I am taking the Principal Point which as I undrstand it is the point immediately under the satellite perpedicular to the surface.
the details here of Latitude / Longitude: 9.1° N / 145.3° E http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/frame/?AS16-M-2073
do not agree with the details here (dont know which of these I should be looking at...according to the map) http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?5085 Principal Point: Latitude: 38.73° Longitude: 158.84°
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/frame/?5030 Principal Point: Latitude: -25.79° Longitude: -139.29°
Here is a comparison at a different sun elevation of the entire area. The large crater is named Mendeleev, the large crater in the upper right near the "tower" is named "Fischer."
And here are closeups of the area.
The "tower" is an illusion caused by shadows at a single time of day. Nothing more.
Software_Pyrate wrote:NONE of the shadows depict a 5 degree angle....Not one...5 degree's isn't even enough for the sun to be fully visible past the horizon.
That's demonstrably incorrect. At 5 degrees the sun is 10 sun diameters above the horizon
Software_Pyrate wrote:If its like you say, then all the shadows should be 10X longer not just the "tower".
I claim they are. Almost all the shallow craters are completely shadowed. That only happens when the sun is very, very low in elevation.
SP, I agree with you. I also see a tall structure to the right of the anomaly that has the partial shadow of the anomaly on it as well as a full shadow on the back side of the actual anomaly which would not be there if it was not elevated....
NONE of the shadows depict a 5 degree angle....Not one...5 degree's isn't even enough for the sun to be fully visible past the horizon. If its like you say, then all the shadows should be 10X longer not just the "tower". ______________________________________________________________________________
The entire area is elevated to the right of the "tower"
I'm not one to make faces out of random patterns...but this clearly looks like a tower to me _____________________________________________________________________________
I clearly see the shadow being distorted by the adjacent formations.
So...the consensus here is that it is not actually as tall as it appears...that it is an illusion....would that be correct?
If so.
Strongly disagree.
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Get your facts first....Then you can distort them all you please.
I have to agree with OBrien I am afraid. However much we 'want' to see things we cannot lose sight of reality.
Maybe we can find another pictiure showing this area from another time - which will give us another angle of sunlight and satellite. This often resolves the issue (I am afraid it often resolves it not in our favour!).
So.. instread of arguing the point on one picture, go find other images which prove your point. Else, it is just a waste of time.
Sorry, but your analysis has no merit. Look at the full frame image (the first one in this thread). The illumination source is coming from almost directly left. Maybe a few degrees clockwise, but absolutely not the direction you have shown in your diagram. You are being deceived by the rough terrain in the local area. Or look at the original at
which is rotated by 90 degrees. Do you not agree that the light in that image is coming directly from top to bottom?
By the way, what is 58% in your diagram?
Second, the claim the adjacent structure is hiding the shadow? This is supposed to be a tall tower, with the sun 5 degrees above the horizon. The shadow should be in length over 10 times the height of the tower. It could only be hidden if the adjacent structure was close to that height. So where is THAT structure's shadow?
"What are you saying by saying" Where is its shadow".....? Are you saying tampering is going on here" -- Of course not. There's no shadow that is consistant with a tall vertical structure in that location.
I agree 150%, software_pyrate you have been giving fruit a ton of debates lately but this is not debatable and you are incorrect. Have you actually looked at the image? Fruit would not waste our time like that.... the debate is the waste of time.
Sorry, but your analysis has no merit. Look at the full frame image (the first one in this thread). The illumination source is coming from almost directly left. Maybe a few degrees clockwise, but absolutely not the direction you have shown in your diagram. You are being deceived by the rough terrain in the local area. Or look at the original at
which is rotated by 90 degrees. Do you not agree that the light in that image is coming directly from top to bottom?
By the way, what is 58% in your diagram?
Second, the claim the adjacent structure is hiding the shadow? This is supposed to be a tall tower, with the sun 5 degrees above the horizon. The shadow should be in length over 10 times the height of the tower. It could only be hidden if the adjacent structure was close to that height. So where is THAT structure's shadow?
"What are you saying by saying" Where is its shadow".....? Are you saying tampering is going on here" -- Of course not. There's no shadow that is consistant with a tall vertical structure in that location.
Obrian....I have a few issues with that presentation.
For one....There IS a shadow. However, there is land mass directly to the right of it, fairly high infact, which will make the shadow appear smaller than what it really is, whereas, the crator exsamples are casting on "flat" ground which makes the shadows longer.
Also...there is a rock formation that is Hiding the full view of the shadow....as illustrated.
What are you saying by saying" Where is its shadow".....? Are you saying tampering is going on here? _________________________________________________________________
First, point of light source in your illustration is wrong for illustration purposes. Here is a more clear perception.
Second, The shadow is being covered up by a structure or rock formation... as outlined......
Third, The shadow is clearly being distorted due to the hill and rock formations...in the below image, the two lines represent the shadows natural lye.....
So....to answer your question...THERE IS THE SHADOW.
I'm not saying this is an artificial structure ( although it clearly looks like it) because it has not been proven one way or another.....just merely stating that...It does in fact have a shadow and is being cast....
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Get your facts first....Then you can distort them all you please.
For reference purposes, the location of the view is 9.1N / 145.3E. The camera to surface distance was 106km and the elevation of the Sun was 5 degrees.
I am convinced that a lot of what we are viewing in this image is artificial. With reference to the 'tower' shape my brain is prepared to accept that the anomaly could be a high structure whilst on the other hand it could be a part of the terrain. I cannot agree with OBrien on the subject of the shadows and feel that the majority of the large black zones are possibly areas of water. The whole landscape is draped with an artificiality that requires further investigation and research.
If the image is closely examined, it can be seen that a 'presence' has been at work on the surface. There are many anthropomorphic and zoomorphic shapes in the terrain which would indicate that there was, or still is, a 'presence' on the Moon.
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"All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed; Second, it is violently opposed; Third, it is accepted as being self-evident."
Yes, I too think that there are no towers here because I do not see any shadows. Normally, there would be, particularly at this enlargement. The shadows I do see, only suggest ground features. Just my opinion of course. I think there are probably better examples of towers.
Of course...irregular formations have not been ruled out.....But i'm still leaning on the tower side of things...It just looks so artificial...of course IMHO
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Get your facts first....Then you can distort them all you please.
Looking through the images of the Apollo 16 mission I came across something that had the appearance of a very tall built structure. The image has been rotated left 90 degrees todisplay it better. The anomaly and two other items of interest are circled.